The integrated circuit chip is too small and delicate to be handled directly. Each chip is bonded to a set of tiny gold or aluminum wires and set into a flat block of plastic or ceramic. The block has metal pins on the outside, leading to the wires inside. The pins form a solid mechanical…
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Integrated circuits are made of semiconducting materials, which are midway between good conductors, like copper, and insulators such as plastic. Silicon is the current favorite. Ultrapure silicon is mixed with small, precise amounts of other elements to create electronic materials with different characteristics. Every electronic appliance we use in our day-to-day life,such as mobile phones,…
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Integrated circuits transistors on some computer chips measure 45 nanometers (billionths of a meter) on a side. These chips have more than 100 million transistors. Since the 1960s, the semiconductor industry has managed to double the number of transistors on a chip every two years, a trend known as moore’s law. As the transistor count…
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The integrated circuits that are obtained by the combination of analog and digital ics on a single chip are called as mixed ics. These ics functions as digital to analog converters, analog to digital converters (d/a and a/d converters) and clock/timing ics. Integrated circuit or ic or microchip or chip is a microscopic electronic circuit…
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Conventional electronics are traditionally made from bulk materials. However, the trend of miniaturization in electronics has forced the feature sizes of the electronic components to shrink accordingly. The ultimate goal of electrical circuits is miniaturization, is a branch of nanotechnology that uses single molecules or collections of single molecules as electronic building blocks. In single-molecule…
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Analog ic design is used in the design of op-amps, linear regulators, phase locked loops, oscillators and active filters. Analog design is more concerned with the physics of the semiconductor devices such as gain, matching, power dissipation, and resistance. Fidelity of analog signal amplification and filtering is usually critical and as a result, analog ics…
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An integrated circuit is a single, miniature circuit with many electronically connected components etched onto a small piece of silicon or some other semiconductive material. (a semiconductor is a nonmetallic material that can conduct […]
Integrated circuit or ic or microchip or chip is a microscopic electronic circuit array formed by the fabrication of various electrical and electronic components (resistors, capacitors, transistors, and so on) on a semiconductor material […]
